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The negative impact of conventional cigarettes has been well-documented

The marketing of herbal cigarettes as safer products by the Chinese tobacco industry, though unfounded, has been effective

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Additionally, although our study sample was equally distributed across the three regions of the Philippines and was similarly distributed in terms of age and wealth/income compared to the latest nationally representative data on Filipino adults who smoke 1 , this was not a nationally representative sample of Filipino adults who smoke and women, in particular, were over-represented compared to Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) estimates 1